Updating Samsung 980/990 (PRO) NVMe using Linux CLI

Get the latest firmware for your NVMe: https://semiconductor.samsung.com/consumer-storage/support/tools/

1. Download it to your server
   wget -O /root/samsungFirmware.iso https://download.semiconductor.samsung.com/resources/software-resources/Samsung_SSD_990_PRO_4B2QJXD7.iso
   
2. Make sure all the required dependencies are installed
   apt-get -y install gzip unzip wget cpio
   
3. Mount the iso and unpack initrd
   mkdir /mnt/iso
sudo mount -o loop /root/samsungFirmware.iso /mnt/iso/
mkdir /tmp/fwupdate
cd /tmp/fwupdate
gzip -dc /mnt/iso/initrd | cpio -idv --no-absolute-filenames
   
4. Run the firmware update tool fumagician
   cd root/fumagician/
sudo ./fumagician
   
5. Reboot the server to apply the firmware updates
sudo reboot
   
6. Cleanup
   rm -rf /tmp/fwupdate
rm -f /root/samsungFirmware.iso

Thats it, your Samsung PRO NVMe is now up-to-date!